

sunspot(boot)                                R Documentation

_A_n_n_u_a_l _M_e_a_n _S_u_n_s_p_o_t _N_u_m_b_e_r_s

_S_U_M_M_A_R_Y_:

     `sunspot' is a time series of class `"rts"' and con-
     tains 289 observations.

     The Zurich sunspot numbers have been analyzed in almost
     all books on time series analysis as well as numerous
     papers.  The data set, usually attributed to Rudolf
     Wolf, consists of means of daily relative numbers of
     sunspot sightings.  The relative number for a day is
     given by k(f+10g) where g is the number of sunspot
     groups observed, f is the total number of spots within
     the groups and k is a scaling factor relating the
     observer and telescope to a baseline. The relative num-
     bers are then averaged to give an annual figure.  See
     Insenman (1983) for a discussion of the relative num-
     bers. The figures are for the years 1700-1988.

_N_O_T_E_:

     These data are not related to dataset of the same name
     in the `trellis' library.  They are, however, similar
     to the `S-Plus' dataset `sunspots' except that this set
     contains annual averages instead of monthly averages
     and it is for a longer period of time.

_S_O_U_R_C_E_:

     The data were obtained from

     Tong, H. (1990) Nonlinear Time Series: A Dynamical Sys-
     tem Approach.  Oxford University Press

_O_T_H_E_R _R_E_F_E_R_E_N_C_E_S_:

     Davison, A.C. and Hinkley, D.V. (1997) Bootstrap Meth-
     ods and Their Application. Cambridge University Press.

     Inzenman, A.J. (1983) J.R. Wolf and H.A. Wolfer: An
     historical note on the Zurich sunspot relative numbers.
     Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, A, 146,
     311-318.

     Waldmeir, M. (1961) The Sunspot Activity in the Years
     1610-1960.  Schulthess and Co.

