

manaus(boot)                                 R Documentation

_A_v_e_r_a_g_e _H_e_i_g_h_t_s _o_f _t_h_e _R_i_o _N_e_g_r_o _r_i_v_e_r _a_t _M_a_n_a_u_s

_S_U_M_M_A_R_Y_:

     The `manaus' time series is of class `"rts"' and has
     1080 observations on one variable.

     The data values are monthly averages of the daily
     stages (heights) of the Rio Negro at Manaus.  Manaus is
     18km upstream from the confluence of the Rio Negro with
     the Amazon but because of the tiny slope of the water
     surface and the lower courses of its flatland afflu-
     ents, they may be regarded as a good approximation of
     the water level in the Amazon at the confluence.  The
     data here cover 90 years from January 1903 until Decem-
     ber 1992.

     The Manaus gauge is tied in with an arbitrary bench
     mark of 100m set in the steps of the Municipal Prefec-
     ture; gauge readings are usually referred to sea level,
     on the basis of a mark on the steps leading to the
     Parish Church (Matriz), which is assumed to lie at an
     altitude of 35.874 m according to observations made
     many years ago under the direction of Samuel Pereira,
     an engineer in charge of the Manaus Sanitation Commit-
     tee  Whereas such an altitude cannot, by any means, be
     considered to be a precise datum point, observations
     have been provisionally referred to it.  The measure-
     ments are in metres.

_S_O_U_R_C_E_:

     The data were kindly made available by Professors H.
     O'Reilly Sternberg and D. R. Brillinger of the Univer-
     sity of California at Berkeley.

_O_T_H_E_R _R_E_F_E_R_E_N_C_E_S_:

     Davison, A.C. and Hinkley, D.V. (1997) Bootstrap Meth-
     ods and Their Application. Cambridge University Press.

     Sternberg, H. O'R. (1987) Aggravation of floods in the
     Amazon river as a consequence of deforestation?
     Geografiska Annaler, 69A, 201-219.

     Sternberg, H. O'R. (1995) Waters and wetlands of
     Brazilian Amazonia: An uncertain future. In The Fragile
     Tropics of Latin America: Sustainable Management of
     Changing Environments, Nishizawa, T. and Uitto, J.I.
     (editors), United Nations University Press, 113-179.

